# | Plague | Special Features | Egyptian Worship |
---|---|---|---|
1 | Polluted Nile (7:14-25) | Dead fish, putrid smell, undrinkable water, Egyptian magicians duplicated plague on small scale but could not reverse it. Lasted seven days | The Nile itself; Khnum (guardian of river's source); Hapi (spirit of Nile); Osiris (Nile was his bloodstream); various fish deities; Hapi (crocodiles) |
2 | Frogs (8:1-15) | Magicians duplicated plague but could not reverse it | Hapi and Heqt (frog goddesses both related to fertility) |
3 | Dust and Gnats (8:16-19) | No warning given. Magicians unable to duplicate plague. The attributed it to "the finger of God" (8:19) | Seb (earth god) |
4 | Swarms of Flies (8:20-32) | Did not affect Goshen, the region where the Israelites lived. Pharaoh offered first two compromises | Uatchit (fly god) |
5 | Death of Domestic Animals (9:1-7) | No warning given. First plague directly affecting personal property. Israelite animals unaffected | Ptah, Hathor, Mnevis, Amon (gods associated with bulls and cows) |
6 | Boils (9:8-12) | No warning given. First plague directly affecting personal health. Magicians unable to appear at court because of boils | Sekhmet (goddess of epidemics); Serapis and Imhotep (gods of healing) |
7 | Hail and Fire (9:13-35) | Most of Egypt gets little or no rain. This storm had no historical parallel. Goshen again untouched. First of Pharaoh's "confessions" | Nut (sky goddess); Isis and Seth (agricultural deities); Shu (atmosphere) |
8 | Locusts (10:1-20) | Egypt's crop loss: 100%. Pharaoh offers third compromise, second "confession" | Serapia (protector from locusts) |
9 | Darkness (10:21-29) | Israel apparently had light in Goshen. Lasted three days | Re, Amon-Re, Aten, Atum, Horus, Harakhte (sun gods); Thoth (moon god) |
10 | Death of First Born (11-12) | Specifically designated by God as the final plague. First-born slain in every Egyptian household. Pharaoh expels Israel unconditionally | All of Egypt's gods, including Pharaoh himself |